Posttraumatic stress. The case of Mary

Individual Report on Econometric Models The WritePass Journal

Individual Report on Econometric Models Context Individual Report on Econometric Models ) also pointed out. Moreover, the model clearly pursued an estimate for multiple equations in the study, whereby the number of these equations were tantamount to the number of categories minus 1. The study also showed that each equation modelled the odds of being in a category, which is consistent with the ordered logit model (Sadler, 2008; Allegrezza and Dubrocard, 2012). It is important to note that the use of the aforementioned models for the two studies was consistent with their intention to quantify or measure variables in order to come up with objective and systematic results for the relationship between income and happiness. Both studies opted to use data from established data sets (ESS and GSS) to apparently facilitate generalisation of findings, with which they were successful. It may be pointed out that Oshio and colleagues’ (2011) results were congruent with   Caporale and colleagues’ (2009), reflecting the validity of the latter’s findings.   References Aldrich, J. H.m Alt, J. E., and Lupia, A. (2007) Positive Changes in Political Science: The Legacy of Richard D. McKelvey’s Most Influential Writings. Michigan: University of Michigan. Allegrezza and Dubrocard (2012) Internet Econometrics. Hampshire: Palgrave MacMillan. Caporale, G. M., Georgellis, Y., Tsitsianis, N., Yin, Y. P. (2009) Income and happiness across Europe: Do reference values matter? Journal of Economic Psychology, 30(1), 42-51. Gailmard, S. (2014) Statistical Modeling and Inference for Social Science. NY: Cambridge University Press. Gill (2008) Bayesian Methods: A Social and Behavioral Sciences Approach, Second Edition. NW: Chapman Hall/CRC.   Jones, A. (2007) Applied Econometrics for Health Economists: A Practical Guide. Second Edition. Oxon: Radcliffe Publishing Ltd.     Oshio, T., Nozak, K., and Kobayashi, M. (2011) Relative income and happiness in Asia: Evidence from nationwide surveys in China, Japan, and Korea. Social Indicators Research, 104 (3), 351-367.   Sadler, A. M. (2008) Determinants of Entrepreneurial Behavior among Immigrant and Non-Immigrant University Scientists in the US: The Impact of Cultural Predispositions and Learning. MI: ProQuest LLC.

Case Summary LEGO ( Based on the case reading to answer the four Study

Summary LEGO ( Based on the reading to answer the four questions) - Case Study Example Competition as a criterion for evaluating the different product lines and operations determines what products are the competitors involved in making. Such a criterion goes in hand with lessons learnt, in which LEGO identifies the different areas that require improvement, aimed towards the improvement of future performance. Changes in the marketplace for any product line determine the future that a particular product and organization takes. Regardless of the particular product line, changes are necessary for every organization, as a means of making improvements in areas that have failed, or those that never worked as per the required standards. Toy industry, is indeed an industry that requires significant changes in order to develop products that impress children more. Critical changes needed for the industry include increased innovation, which introduces new products, the establishment of an increased performance competition in the same industry. Additionally, changes contribute to the development of new technologies, an aspect that contributes towards the enhancement and improvement of efficiency and performance, as well as the improvement in quality of the products to meet the demands of the market. LEGO is facing a significant number of internal issues, which are currently affecting the organization’s performance and competitiveness, and which require strategic planning to be effectively addressed. First is management. LEGO, previously, remained a successful player in the toy industry; however, with the continued growth of the company over the years, layers of complexities in operations have been added. Such challenges are attributes of poor leadership and management, and which can only be resolved through strategic planning. Another internal issue of great significance to LEGO is increased production wastes. Costs’ cutting is one of the best ways for an organization to increase its profit margins. LEGO currently experiences high

Critical Reflection and Self-Evaluation in the Context of Systems Essay

Critical Reflection and Self-Evaluation in the Context of Systems Thinking - Essay Example It is due to the rapid changes to organizations that organizations have to readjust to the inevitable changes to cope in a highly chining environment such as the one involved in event management. Event planning changes affect the IS project outcomes in the in such a project and it is not until shortcomings are indentified in event planning that portrays a need to reassess and reevaluate the IS are taken appropriately. This brought about the concept of soft system thinking and hard thinking in the â€Å"Bear-Wear† event coaching group. Hard systems regard to situations that human behaviors perceived to play minimal roles though there are many people involved in the system ( Waring, 1996). Hard systems in this case referred to tools, machines and to other equipment that were used in the project, which were quantifiable, predictable, and those that were relatively undisputable. Hard systems as Checkland & Holwell (1997) explain included the natural systems. Natural systems are th ose that are not manmade, which include the biological systems, weather, volcanoes and other natural phenomena. Logistics and ticketing are susceptible to interruptions as a result of the hard systems such as weather and disruptions of the equipment. This was taken care of in risk awareness. On the other hand, soft systems refer to those systems that involved the team members’ behaviors and beliefs. Human beings are unpredictable in most cases in the physical aspect and the way they think. Soft systems refer to the beliefs, attitudes, behavior values, opinions that describe each of the team members. Checkland & Scholes (1999) explain that soft system methodology is intended for use in situation that exhibit crisis, uncertainty, conflict or unease in relationship among the human actors. In the event hosting and management, different opinions and personality will surface in the team or from the clients. Advocating for creative thinking and providing coaching and counseling serv ices to Grad Com and anyone involved will enable the team work to work harmoniously. Gesellschaft & Gemeinsschaft, which relates to sociality maintained by instrumental goals of participating individuals vs. the inherent connectedness of participating individuals (Kitayama & Cohen, 2010) were two major views that would guide in implementing operations in the event planning, management and counselling services. Soft approach related to information in attribution of meanings and sense making and would utilize interpretative actions as the modes of managing environment around project members (Auyang, 1998). Since organisations and the IS are mutually dependent on one another, they both affect each other proportionately to make an organisation environment. Soft System thinking application Systems thinking concept was first applied to real world problems as early as 1970s and 80s. The design of system thinking was as a result of indentifying that problems were mainly caused as a result o f the analyst’s inability to indentify describe objectives amongst the other, in an environment with numerous conflicting and ambitious alternatives (Auyang, 1998). System analysts therefore led leaders and other analysts to design and construct models that could be used by analysts as devices that would help in structuring questioning procedures to address

Will Hourly Rounds Decrease Patient Falls Research Paper

Will Hourly Rounds Decrease Patient Falls - Research Paper Example It has attempted to over all the key elements of the assignment in a substantive way with accuracy and persuasiveness. The paper has used Lewin Theory as an implementation guide. Plan for implementing the proposed solution: The main focus of the plan is to incorporate a system of regular hourly rounds by nurses, as a solution to decrease patient falls in the hospital. For this, the first step is careful planning for which it is necessary to ascertain the following: 1. The number of patients visiting the hospital on an average. 2. The number of nurses in the hospital. 3. The number of physicians in a hospital. 4. The number of nurses as assistant to the physicians. 5. The average period a patient visits the hospital. Developing a plan involves careful evaluation and organizing. Appropriate staffing procedures also need to be adopted for getting the plan executed. Such a plan is highly crucial in implementing the proposed solution. The main aim of a nurse is to decrease patient falls i n the hospital and to provide proper assistance and care to them for their recovery from illness. The goals of nurses also include helping individuals â€Å"to maintain their health so they can function in their roles† (Imogene King’s Theory of Goal Attainment, 2011, para. 13). ... 10 nurses should be able to handle 25 patients. The plan is to implement a rotation basis system so that 20 nurses cater to 50 patients and administer them on the basis of the guidance and supported provided by physicians. Plan for monitoring the implementation of the solution: In order to implement the solution of a rotational arrangement of nurses so as to extend each patient the advantage of the hourly round system it is very important to monitor the situation that exists in the hospital and to plan the visits accordingly. â€Å"An important part of plan implementation is monitoring, which is taking periodic looks at â€Å"how it's going† in Implementing the plan† (Training Course on Decentralized Education Planning in the Context Public Sector Reform, 2007, p. 2). Proper staffing pattern activities are essential to develop productive human asset in the hospital so that the hospital can provide utmost care and security to its patients. Each nurse’s on job comm itment is assessed through the number of patient falls under her tenure. Month-wise assessment should be made in order to assess the efficiency of nurses. In the months where both the fall prevalence and the nursing hours are the same, it implies that the nursing care in these months is not enough. In the months where occurrence of falls is more than average these needs to be balanced with appropriate nursing care hours. When there is a wide difference between the falls prevalence and the nursing hours per day and there is less falls it implies that nursing care hours are higher than the prevalence of falls. Such a plan needs to be implemented for the purpose of monitoring of the

Marketing Is A Performance Of Business Activities Marketing Essay

Marketing Is A Performance Of Business Activities Marketing Essay 1. Marketing is a performance of business activities that direct the flow of goods and services from produces to consumer or user.(AMA 1960) In a modern world definition like Marketing is one of the most important terms in Business environment. Especially well structured Marketing is aim which all over the world strongest companies demanding to get. Only successful Marketing can identify most important fragments which company require for good recoupment of the capital investments. All the businesses have their own business plans and strategies as the rule of that Marketing has its own strategy which usually well structured and its organization and structure created on a basis of particular commerce. Creating such a strategy has to be made step by step. Analysis of marketing environment and definitions like PEST and SWOT and their role in collecting data for developing marketing plan is crucial important. External and internal factors, which can relate with specified area and can effe ct on sales of company is very significant. And collected data can be basic of strategy and it can be support for further research. Significance of collecting primary and secondary data is one of the delicate factors on the way to superior Marketing strategy it has be accurate and effective for specified issue. Finding required market for concrete product by Segmentation (demographic, geographic, psychographic, behavioural) lies in the fundamentals of creating Marketing Company. From all the types of segmentation has to be selected the correct individual for using in actual Marketing Strategy. All of this process of identifying market is the approach of environmental investigation and is the element of data collection. Extremely important to analyse ground rules like auditing, and capability of the company, productivity and ratio analysis, market and environmental analysis, customer and competitor analyses. Also in a creating Marketing strategy communication linking market and compa ny one of the unavoidable factors. And to opt the right method for each communication circumstances is important for successful and comprehensible transferring data. Well organization and accuracy one of the core rules of business and any planning. Well planned and construct marketing plan can predict sale`s, find public of store and its place of further demand. Achievement of success in Marketing deepens on collecting secondary data, created primary and using all of those in acceptable way. Our company is a large mobile phone producer has decided to develop a new range of hi-tech mobile devices for young professional market. In order to promote this new range, we must understand the current `prevailing climate` in the external environment. I will develop a report for the company advising what is happening in the world that impact on its industry. 2. Company X is one of the popular mobile phone device producers in the world nowadays. Company has big stores in the central cities like London, all over the world and which has a good reputation belong the people with different lifestyle because of the large arrangement and difference of mobile devices. Over the years company developing different types of mobile phones for individual groups of people by taking into concern their life style and requirements. Analysing the environmental factor helps a company be a leader of the sales since many years. During making various Marketing campaigns Company always tries to satisfy needs of consumers including all aspects like Social life techno progress nowadays in the world and keeping under attention the Economical situation in market and their possibility to by goods of Company. And in a process of building this marketing campaign will be included all the preference of specified area of market. Identification PEST and SWOT analysis. What is the PEST and what is the SWOT? PEST it is the external factor, external environment, macro environment which at first look does not effects to the company but which can react on the market. It is Political, Economic, Social and Technological situation in the world. And the SWOT is the internal micro environment of the company its customers, employees and competitors. PEST and SWOT Analysis of influences in the external environment POLITICAL/LEGAL ISSUE Taxation policy Monopoly controls Environmental protection measures Employment Law Environmental legislation Foreign trade agreements Stability for the governmental system ECONOMIC FACTORS Interest rates Inflation rates Money supply Business cycle Unemployment GNP trends SOCIAL/CULTURAL ISSUE Age profiles Social mobility Changes in lifestyle Family structures Level of education Work behaviour Leisure activities Distribution of income Patterns of ownership Attitudes and values TECHNO FACTORS Focus of government research Rate of technology transfer Materials Developing technological proceses (Strategic marketing planning and control Graeme D. John E. ) By taking in to a mind that our company is establishes in UK we have to start research of macro environment of the country and define how these factors can effect on mobile phone industry. UK has monarchy government and its parliament with its liberal and conservative parties nowadays liberals are dominant in the government and the political situation in the country stable. UK always had good neighbourhood relationships with the other European countries. Even the political situation is constant the economy of the country is steel weak after the credit crunch which had a place in 2008.Nowadays country in a stage of recession and the economic norms on its attempts to come back to the norm. UK is multinational country, millions of people every year visiting country or coming to study. That why the cities are always busy and crowded. There are not much industry services in the country and manufactures takes leading place. If to talk about the technology progress of the country it wont be surprise that the first developed, discovered and created modern techniques comes and produces in the country very fast and people use to this progress and always trying to find the best and modern technologies in the stores. In process of making research of the PEST I appeal to the sources like internet newspapers articles and official financial indexes. In a process of research figures of the opinion poll will clear show the preference of young market. By public requirements has to be created the mobile phone devise X phone. During the 1 month time mobile phone has to be tasted by focus group (focus group is one of the ways to collect primary data by giving to the special chosen group of people samples of product and ask them their feelings about it). In the summary of the marketing company has to be taken into consideration feedbacks of this focus group. 3.Now when the secondary data collected and when the elements of primary data is ready and viewed it can be considered that the raw data is collected and the final step is to summarise research and make deduction. On the basis of our quantitative data and raw data has to be made qualitative. First as the statistics shows the most of the population of UK is young people, the politic situation in country dont react on the sales in the future, even economic situation is unstable market still can afford to by our product.. Also made research confirms that if mobile devise will be on the sale in any stores of the UK the demand of it will be very high because of the majority young population of the UK will prefer made devise. The most appropriate way to make advertisement for the devise founded city newspapers as most spreading method of advertisement and it will be most visible for the market.

Launching a Successful Digital Mobile Business Essay -- Apps for Busin

Introduction Since I was a child the idea of being a business owner has been a dream of mine. I never knew the requirements of starting, running or growing a business; however, I knew I needed to design a product to sell. In the 6th grade I approached my parents and told them when I grow up I want to own a business. I vividly remember my Father laughing while my Mother smiled and told me that it took a lot of work, time and experience to own and run a business. I decided to do some research, getting on the family computer I found out that a popular way to develop a business was to learn computer programming and write software. Years later, I worked in the Information Technology field after high school and saved up money to continue my education at State University. Majoring in Business with the Information Technology Concentration, I will gain the skills to work in a business environment but will still need to educate myself in order to found my own startup business. Taking Care of the Basics There are many markets, ideas and problems that have to be considered while brainstorming startup ideas. In fact there is such an abundance of aspects; one will undoubtedly feel overwhelmed from time to time. To avoid excessive frustration, it is a great idea to break up the development process into many different sections and complete each task in order. This paper will follow the path in which one should take in the development of their startup. The first task of a business is to decide on a product or service to develop. As stated above, there are many markets that can be considered in developing said product or service; however, I have chosen to stick to the market that is constantly growing and evolving on a day to d... ...portunity. Works Cited Ready, K. (2011). Startup: An insider's Guide to Launching and Running a Business. New York: Apress. Louise. (2012, April 11). Different Types of Apps for Business. Retrieved November 14, 2013, from http://newmediaangels.com/2012/04/different-types-of-apps-for-business/ Whiteling, I., & Welstead, S. (2010). Start Your Own Business 2010: The Ultimate Step-By-Step Guide / edited by Ian Whiteling & Steph Welstead. 3rd ed. Richmond: Crimson. Lee, M. (2012) Business Plans Handbook (Vol. 22) : Michigan: Cengage Learning. McKeever, M. (2007). How to Write a Business Plan. 8th ed. Berkeley: Nolo, 2002 Governor's Office of Business and Economic Development (2012). Start a Business. Retrieved from http://business.ca.gov/StartaBusiness.aspx Dooley, J. (2011). Software Development and Professional Practice. New York: Apress.

Assess the View That Conscience Need Not Always Be Obeyed

â€Å"Asses the view that the conscience need not always be obeyed† (35 marks) Conscience is the inner conviction that something is right or wrong. In a religious discussion, it may be thought of as the ‘voice of God’, speaking within the individual, and even as a direct revelation from God. John Newman defines the conscience as â€Å"the voice of God†, a principle planted within us, before we have had any training, although training and experience are necessary for its strength, growth, and due formation that is an â€Å"internal witness for both the existence and the law of God†.Newman shows how the light of conscience, active in every human heart, finds fulfillment not in subjectivity and in the communion of the Catholic Church. Newman’s view was that it is often said that second thoughts are best. So they are in matters of judgment but not in matters of conscience. Aquinas saw the conscience as the natural ability of a rational human being to understand the difference between right and wrong, and to apply the most basic moral principles to particular situations.Aquinas thought that there would be problems with people following their own moral sense, which lead him to natural moral law (NML). He thought that everyone should follow NML because they are moral laws found in nature (e. g. sex for procreation). He thought that the conscience was the intellectual part of you because you work out what to do using natural reasoning. Without following NML, people might have distorted judgments from their passions, ignorance and society and therefore different views on right and wrong.Therefore although he says that it is always right to follow one’s conscience, he does recognise that people may still get things wrong, through ignorance or making a mistake. Therefore Aquinas would not say that conscience should always be obeyed because a person may not be aware of the relevant moral principle. In order for conscience to work, a person needs to have some background information about what is considered right and wrong. The idea of conscience is used as a tool for applying already accepted moral principles.Aquinas considers conscience to be the means that individuals use to apply the general moral principle that they hold. Aquinas believed that it is always right to follow your conscience when you apply the right moral principles to each individual situation to the best of your ability. It does not mean that by following you conscience that you will always be right, if your principles are wrong then your conscience will lead you astray. Aquinas was overall saying that the conscience can be wrong if the reasoning through was wrong.In contrast, Copleston makes the important point that for most people the emotions rather than reason provide the starting point for moral choice. Joseph Butler viewed the conscience differently by believing that the conscious was a way of guarding or controlling influence ov er the different aspects of human nature. Butler argued that there were two different aspects to human beings; one being the passions and appetites, including the affections people have and also that there are more thoughtful aspects of benevolence towards others and conscience, as well as self-love.Butler argued that these various parts were ordered in hierarchy, that there are situations where the conscience, being superior in the hierarchy, is able to over-rule the promptings of the appetites of affection. For Butler, the moral life was a matter of getting the hierarchy ordered in the right way. In this hierarchy, conscience comes at the top, because it has the additional role of sorting out the conflicting claims of self-love and benevolence and that the balance is crucial for making moral decisions.In some ways, Butler’s account of the role of conscience is rather like Plato’s view that reason should control appetite. His overall view was that a good person is som eone who has his or her priorities well sorted, with the promptings of conscience ranking highest among them. Newman defines conscience as â€Å"the voice of God†, â€Å"a principle planted within us, before we have had any training, although training and experience are necessary for its strength, growth, and due formation† that is an â€Å"internal witness of both the existence and the law of God. Newman shows how the light of the conscience, active in every human heart, finds fulfillment not in subjectivity and individualism, but in obedience to the teachings of the Pope in the communication of the Catholic Church. He said that is it often that second thoughts are best. So they are in matters of judgment but not matters of conscience. Freud’s two key aspects to his approach were assertion that sexual desire is the prime motivating drive in all humans, and the importance of the unconscious mind.Freud’s theory of the conscience is entirely in conflict wi th all of the positions of Aquinas, Butler, and Newman. He saw the conscience as part of the unconscious mind, and believed that it arose as a result of bad experience in early life as well as disapproval from parents and society. Our human psyche is equated within the ego (our conscious personality) which balances the ‘ID’ (our desires) and the ‘SUPEREGO’ (our guilt). To be ruled by your superego would make you overly judgmental, inflexible, and irrational.Freud would argue against allowing the conscience to have control over our decisions about how we act. Freud believed that the conscience was a concept of the mind that sought to make sense of disorder and deal with the conflict that guilt brings. Freud believed that during our early upbringing we accept certain values and beliefs about morality and society, which may at some stage be rejected by our moral reasoning. However, these early formed values and beliefs still continue to influence our morality through the conscience that seeks to deal with the conflict that the early beliefs and later beliefs bring. ?

January Reflections The Cruelest Month

January Reflections The Cruelest Month January is almost over. I can’t really bring myself to write about resumes and LinkedIn profiles today. Don’t get me wrong: Over the past few weeks, The Essay Expert has written many career documents. I have personally edited multiple drafts and updated several resumes we’ve written for past clients. I was even on WBBM radio talking about college application essays. I’m proud of that work and of the results our clients are getting. But today, sitting down to write my blog, my thoughts are elsewhere. I’m thinking of my dad, who died on January 31st 21 years ago- the last day of the month well-known to be the deadliest one of the year. And my thoughts are also with a friend whose mom died unexpectedly last week. An avid union organizer her entire life and up to her last hours, she encouraged the woman taking her food order at the hospital to take advantage of the opportunities of the 1109 Union advancement program. My thoughts are also with my 83-year-old uncle, who fell last week and broke his shoulder. As I write, I’m in his home â€Å"on call† for the night in case his health care worker needs a family member’s presence. Being here for him helps me feel like I’m being useful, as difficult as it is to see him in pain. This time of year can be a trying one for anyone who has family facing health issues. Perhaps you are one of those who is caring for a loved one now, or who just lost someone dear to you. I think it’s so important to take some time to take care of yourself as we face these challenges. When my dad died after a week in the hospital with pneumonia, I was 27 and in my second year of law school. Every day, unfailingly, I would go swimming or get exercise of some kind. Thankfully my family understood my compulsion. That’s how I kept my equilibrium through the most painful experience of my life. We need time to reflect and to feel. My friend who just lost his mom is a yoga teacher. After losing his mom, he didn’t do yoga for a week. Getting back to his practice made him feel more in touch with himself. I’ve been looking at old pictures of my dad and feeling for myself how much I miss him. Even after so many years, it’s important for me to remember. It’s uplifting to be in the presence of children, too. On my trip to NYC last week, I spent time with an 8- and a 5-year-old who were full of love and laughter (with a few lively tantrums thrown in for good balance!). And just last night, I was watching videos of my cousin’s adorably toddling 2-year-old in Israel. It’s good to be reminded that life, joy and silliness continue on. It’s Sunday night as I write, and tomorrow I will get back to scheduling resume review  and LinkedIn profile review sessions and matching up new clients with writers. It will be more or less business as usual. But I’ll also be thinking of those who have passed, and of the people who care for them, and of the never-ending cycles of life.

17 Proofreading Techniques for Business Communication

17 Proofreading Techniques for Business Communication Finally. Your document is just about complete. It’s been written, reviewed, compiled, and re-reviewed. With the final edits in place, it’s now ready to be proofread. Proofreading can seem like a simple task in business communication. However, the attention to detail and intense focus it requires means that proofreading is as challenging as it is important. However, there are many tactics you can use to ensure this task is completed well and effectively. This article highlights our top strategies. Why is Proofreading Important? Proofreading can help you improve the readability and quality of your documents. It is important to ensure that your writing is error free and professional. What is Proofreading? Proofreading includes reviewing for grammar, correct use of language, and format. It’s the final touches needed to ensure a business document is correct, consistent, and professional. When Do I Proofread? Proofreading is often confounded with editing. Editing involves revisions of the document, often with major changes, to ensure alignment with goals, accuracy of information, or modification of tone. Only once those major edits are complete can the document move to the proofreading stage. Proofreading ensures the final content is free of linguistic and formatting errors. 17 Proofreading Techniques: The following list presents the strategies we recommend for better proofreading. These methods strengthen your proofreading process and knowledge. 1. Step Away, Then Focus Whenever possible, step away from the document before proofreading. This is crucial when you are the document’s author. You are too close to the content, making it difficult to have a clear, objective eye on the text. We recommend taking a 24-hour break from the content before proofreading for maximum effectiveness. 2. Print a Hard Copy Proof of Your Document Many editors find it easier to proofread with a physical document. Printing the document makes it easier to read and allows you to proofread in more places. 3. Read Aloud Good proofreading is done slowly. Simply reading it normally allows your brain to fill in gaps and fix errors in your mind and skip them on the page. Reading aloud ensures that each word and punctuation mark is verified. It also highlights awkward sentences because it will sound more awkward out loud than on the page. Conveniently, there are online programs that will help with this task. Use your computer’s text-to-voice function to have your document read to you. Having your computer read to you will help catch typos that you may skip over as you know the original intent of the sentence. 4. Align With Company Style Standards Most companies have style standards for external documents. Ensure you have these guidelines close at hand while proofreading. These guidelines may range from font choice to preferred spellings to margin size and more. These details ensure consistency across an organization. 5. Remove Excess Words Business writing is concise and direct. Excess words, like adjectives or adverbs, can detract from the message. Being careful not to overstep into editing, review the text for superfluous words that do not add value to the text. In addition, accidental excess or repeat words are erroneous and can be missed prior to proofing. 6. Explain or Remove Jargon Specialized terminology or acronyms should be used sparingly, if at all, in business writing. When used appropriately for the reader, they still must be explained. Generally, the first mention of an acronym is spelled out completely with the acronym followed in brackets. An unfamiliar technical term should be explained in the text before being referenced. Terms that are difficult for the reader should be removed and replaced with more accessible wording. 7. Check Sentence Structure A proper sentence must have a subject, a verb, and express a complete thought. Simple, right? Yet, sentence fragments and run-on sentences can sneak into an otherwise great text. Review each sentence for proper structure and punctuation. 8. Review Flow and Sequencing One pass of the document must be a high-level review. This overview checks the organization of the document to ensure it has proper flow and sequencing. Check for formatting consistency, order, and numbering of images, tables, and appendices, and the general presentation. 9. Use Software Technology is your friend when it comes to proofreading. Microsoft’s Spelling and Grammar tool and Grammarly’s online editor are two handy tools to catch spelling, grammatical errors, and some syntax errors that your spellcheck may miss. Use these tools as a first scan. They will catch detectable errors. However, word choice and homonyms are often only found by the human eye. You can check out our list of the top tools for tone, editing, and grammar (among others business writing needs!) on our blog. 10. Hire an Editor or Ask Colleagues/Friends If you’re way, way too close to your document, proofing it yourself may not be a good idea. In this case, seek a truly objective opinion and review. Hiring an editor to complete the proofreading phase can be a valuable investment. Alternatively, asking a friend or colleague to proof your text can provide a fresh perspective. 11. Take a Course Proofreading is a skill that is learned, honed, and improved. Like many other writing aptitudes, proofing can be developed through education. Taking a course on proofing will help you master the process. We offer a Proofreading Course with Grammar Review that hones the skills required to effectively proofread in a business environment. Avoid Common Mistakes These tactics will help you catch the trickiest business communication errors. 12. Check Homonyms When a word sounds right, the quick reader can mistake it for being correct. Homonyms are a painful but important item to check. Including accept where except is intended can be embarrassing or even disastrous in business communication. Ensure the word choice is the correct one. 13. Check Apostrophes Apostrophes are often placed incorrectly. Apostrophes are almost never used for plurals, but somehow they often appear as such. While mixing up companies with company’s may not be disastrous, it is confusing and unprofessional. 14. Fact Check Employees, colleagues, and clients rely on business communications for information and decisions. Therefore, they need to be accurate. Whether it is the client name spelling, the sales division location, or the policy sheet, each detail must be correct. Fact checking these details will ensure the document is valuable and useful. 15. Verify Numbers, Times, and Dates Numerical information is often the most critical and the easiest to mistype. Each number must be verified. A misplaced decimal or zero in a budget line can be a grievous error. Times should be checked that they are correct, including the time zone. Dates must be correct to the day of the month and the week. Triple checking the numbers is not an over-the-top habit. 16. Verify Names Writing a staff’s, colleague’s, or client’s name incorrectly or completely wrong is simply disrespectful. It can lead to confusion, but more importantly, it shows poor attention to detail to the most important people: the reader or subject of the business communication. 17.Test Hyperlinks and Phone Numbers Website and phone numbers are very handy. However, they become very frustrating or ignored if they are incorrect. In the proofreading process, click on each hyperlink, type in each web address, and dial each phone number included in the document to ensure they will correctly direct the reader. Fool-Proof These seventeen strategies will improve your proofreading skills. Carve out the time to properly review and implement each of these strategies and your business communication will be accurate, valuable, and professional.

Compare a character in Beloved with a character in one of the other Essay

Compare a character in Beloved with a character in one of the other texts we have read OR Compare a theme in Beloved with a theme in one of the other texts we h - Essay Example s the fictionality of history, the concept that history can never be more than a collection of stories with varying degrees of accuracy and numerous different perspectives. She demonstrates this fictionality of history through her main character Sethe as well as in the narrative structure, making it clear that no amount of storytelling will ever be able to contain the true horror of those days. During the time of Shakespeare, fiction was deemed to be the appropriate place for explorations into a nation’s history perhaps because of a similar understanding that there is no means of separating individual human perspective from historical events sufficiently to form an actual, factual history, thus recognizing the same concept of a fictionality of history. One author who certainly understood this concept was Miguel de Cervantes as shown in his Don Quixote. Through the various narrative styles employed as well as through the storyline, Cervantes is able to make his point that no hi storical account can be completely free of some fictionalized element. Thus, despite the wide gap of time between the writing of these two novels, both Morrison’s postmodern book Beloved (1988) and Cervantes’ Don Quixote written in the early 1600s struggle to illustrate both the concept of history as well as the inherent fiction that must accompany history. In Beloved, for example, Morrison establishes quickly that she is relating a story that took place in the past, even establishing the date to relate its proximity to the end of slavery: â€Å"For years each put up with the spite in his own way, but by 1873 Sethe and her daughter Denver were its only victims† (Morrison, 1988: 3). This establishes the novel’s fictional ghost story element, but only as it could occur in a society such as that which existed in 1873. The story of slavery is told in the bits and pieces that were left, â€Å"in all of Baby’s life, as well as Sethe’s own, men and women were moved around like

School budget shortfall Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

School budget shortfall - Essay Example The numbers, specifically the percentages of each source relative to the entire fund has indeed changed through time. In the year 2009, the federal government had a contribution amounting to $340,728,694 or 49% of the entire source. It is still the major source, but is it 12% lesser than its original share. The not-for-profit source hardly grew in 2009 in terms of percentage share, posting at 16.6%. Indeed, the industry percentage has grown to 8% from 4% in 2000 and 2% in 2005. However, these changes are not significant as the government still dominates followed by not-for-profit. Indeed, the school needs support from the private sector as well and this is actually a welcomed development. This however does not in any way say that the university is becoming increasingly corporate. b. There is something ironic about the claim of increasing corporate influence. As seen in the table, the figure for the Haas School of Business is the lowest. The total amount was recorded at $203,807 or only 07% of the over-all expenditure. This means that the business department of the school actually has the least budget among the other departments. This is clearly in contrast to the claim that the university is increasingly becoming corporate. c. There is a great divide in the distribution of funds.